A Faraday cage works by surrounding electronics with a continuous conductive envelope that redirects electromagnetic energy around the protected space. Concrete and rebar do not form that envelope. Effective shielding requires welded steel plate or copper mesh bonded at every seam, with verified ground continuity throughout. The shielding effectiveness of the envelope is measured in decibels of attenuation, a meaningful specification, not a marketing claim.
Every opening is a potential failure point. Blast doors and hatches need conductive gaskets that maintain contact under compression. Ventilation shafts require waveguide-beyond-cutoff sections, metal tubes sized so their geometry blocks RF frequencies rather than relying on a filter. Electrical conduit entry points need surge protective devices and point-of-entry shielding. Plumbing penetrations require isolation flanges. On remote Montana ranches where backup radios, generators, and communications gear are the only link to the outside, a gap at any one of these points defeats the whole system.
After installation, RF leakage testing verifies shielding effectiveness across the frequency range of concern. The whole-bunker vs. shielded-room decision is a scope question: a full Faraday bunker protects everything inside; a shielded enclosure within the bunker protects specific electronics at lower cost. Both approaches are valid depending on what equipment needs protection and how much of the bunker volume is involved. That decision is made during the scope review, before any materials are ordered.